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4,668,726 Page
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United States Patent |
4,668,726 |
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Howells |
May 26, 1987 |
Cationic and non-ionic fluorochemicals and fibrous
substrates treated therewith
Abstract
Cationic and non-ionic fluorochemicals, mixtures of cationic and
non-ionic fluorochemicals, blends of the mixtures with fluorochemical
poly(oxyalkylenes), and compositions of the fluorochemicals with
hydrocarbon nonionic surfactants are provided. These fluorochemicals and
compositions, in dispersions, emulsions and microemulsions, may be applied
to porous fibrous substrates to give oil and water repellancy and soil
resistance. TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to the treatment of porous fibrous substrates, such
as textile fibers, carpet, paper, and leather, with fluorochemical
compositions to impart oil and water repellency, and to the resulting
treated substrates. In another aspect, it relates to the treatment of
carpet fiber with a fluorochemical finish to impart oil and water
repellency and soil resistance to such fiber. In another aspect, it
relates to fluorochemical and dispersions and emulsions, and their
preparation, which are useful in such treatment. .............
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
This invention provides, in one aspect, a cationic fluorochemical having
one or more monovalent fluoroaliphatic radicals, one or more N-containing
moieties selected from carbodiimido and urylene, the radicals and moieties
being bonded together by hetero atom-containing or organic linking groups,
and an organo amino nitrogen derived cationic moiety which is bonded to
said N-containing moiety by hetero atom-containing or organic linking
groups.,,,,,,,,,,,, .......Aldoketene dimer sizing agents that can
efficiently impart both oil and water sizing properties to paper, of an
unsaturated .beta.-lactone structure containing terminal perfluoralkyl
groups separated from the ketene moiety by at least three carbon atoms,
which may be attached to a halogen other than fluorine or an ether,
thioether, amide, tertiary amine, ester, or side chain
functionality. This invention also provides, in another aspect,
a non-ionic fluorochemical having one or more monovalent fluoroaliphatic
radicals and one or more urylene moieties, the radicals and moieties being
bonded together by hetero atom-containing or organic linking groups, the
non-ionic fluorochemical being a mixture of non-ionic fluorochemicals
having an average urylene functionality greater than one.
This invention further provides a fluorochemical composition comprising a
mixture of (1) a cationic fluorochemical having one or more monovalent
fluoroaliphatic radicals, one or more N-containing moieties selected from
carbodiimido, urylene, and carbonylimino, said radicals and moieties being
bonded together by hetero atom-containing or organic linking groups, and
an organo amino nitrogen-derived cationic moiety bonded to said
N-containing moiety by hetero atom-containing or organic linking groups,
and (2) a non-ionic fluorochemical having one or more monovalent
fluoroaliphatic radicals, and one or more N-containing moieties selected
from carbodiimido, urylene, and carbonylimino, said radicals and moieties
being bonded together by hetero atom-containing or organic linking groups.
This invention also provides a blend (a) of the mixture of the cationic
and non-ionic fluorochemicals, (b) a fluorochemical poly(oxyalkylene),
and/or (c) hydrocarbon nonionic surfactant.
The cationic and non-ionic fluorochemicals, the mixtures thereof, and the
fluorochemical blends of (a) the mixture of cationic and non-ionic
fluorochemicals, (b) the fluorochemical poly(oxyalkylenes), and/or (c) the
hydrocarbon non-ionic surfactant are useful in the from of aqueous
dispersions and emulsions, preferably microemulsions, in the treatment of
porous fibrous substrates, such as textile fibers (or filaments) during
their manufacture, and useful also in the treatment of finished or
fabricated fibrous substrates such as carpets, paper and leather, to
impart oil and water repellency thereto.
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