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Bibliography Page
Formaldehyde Articles, reports
etc
Albert, R. E. et al. Nasal Cancer In The Rat Induced By Gaseous
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study
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*1 see below
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Olsen, O., et al. carbonless Copy paper can be A health Hazard.
Skandinavisk Biomedicinsk Institut, Copenhagen, October 1985.
Patterson, R., et al. Canine Antibodies Against Formaldehyde-dog Serum Albumin Conjugates. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 106:93 1985
Vaughn, T.L. et al. Formaldehyde and Cancers Of The Pharynx, Sinus, and
Nasal Cavity. I. Occupational Exposures. 2. Residential Exposures. Int. J.
Cancer. 1987
Wolkoff, P. et al. Carbonless Copy Paper As A potential Non-Building
Indoor Irritant. 1987 International Conference On indoor Air Quality &
Climate. West Berlin Vol.2 pages 89-93. (Received from Dr. Wolkoff)
Wolkoff, P. et al. AMI Documentation 2. "Volatile Organic Compounds
(VOCS) In The Indoor Environment" State-Of-The-Science Report.
Published by Arbejdsmiljoinstituttet, Copenhagen 1998
Wolkoff. P. et al. Airway-irritating effect Of carbonless Copy paper
Examined By The Sensory Irritation Test In Mice. Environment
International,
Vol 14, pp 43-48 1988.
Wolkoff, P. et al. Comparison Of Volatile Organic Compounds From
Processed Paper and Toners from Office Copies and printers: method,
Emission Rates, and Model Concentrations. Indoor Air 1993. 3. 113-123.
ISSN 0905-0947
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*4 see below
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*1 "The maxim formaldehyde concentration in the glove box ranged from
virtually none for the "coated front"paper to nearly 0.7 ppm for the "self
contained black" paper (table 7). Those products containing black ink
produced substantially higher formaldehyde concentrations than those with
blue ink. Thus, any prediction of the contribution of carbonless copy
paper to the formaldehyde concentration of an office would have to include
consideration of the particular products in use in that office."
*2 "To determine the irritation potential of four paper samples following
extended handling exposure by HUMAN VOLUNTEERS." A double-blind placebo
controlled crossover study employing four test materials. 19 completed the
one week testing, 1 had itching on forearm following exposure, 7 exhibed
one or more respiratory parameters, 2 had stuffiness ( 3 of 4 samples), 1
reported respiratory parameters (2 of 4 samples), 4 reported respiratory
(4 of 4 samples). Samples 2-4 exhibited more incidences of respiratory
responses. 1 reported a headache. The potential for four papers to induce
irritation was studied in 19 panalists. Positive responses were observed
or reported with 8 of the 19 panelists."
*3 " "To determine the irritation potential of 4 paper samples following
extended handling exposure by HUMAN VOLUNTEERS. A double-blind placebo was
used. 25 panelists in this double blind study, for 1 week. 8 did not
exhibit or report any responses, 1 redness in both eyes each morning prior
to and 24 hrs following each sample exposure andnose running after sample
C. 1 panelist running now 24 hrs after exposure and headache after 24
hrsto 2 samples, 1 reported headache, 1 had redness of the eyes and
erythema of hands, then stinging and redness in eyes. 1 reported stuffy
nose and continued, 1 had itching eyes and another stuffy head, then
stinging eyes. Another exhibited erythema of both forearms, 1 reported
running nose, 1 stinging eyes, 1 stuffy nose and headache, another
exhibited erythema on left forearm, then headache." panelist stinging both
eyes after exposure and redness after another exposure, another with
redness of eyes and then a headache, next eye sting and last stinging both
eyes and itching. Potential for 4 papers to induce irritation was studied
in 24 panelists. Positive responses were observed or reported with 16 of
the 24 panelists."
*4 "12/77 Premium Carbonless (two panels combined) 2-5 positive results.
2/78 Premium Carbonless 2-5 positive results,11/78 Economy Carbonless (1st
series of patch tests and rechallenges) 6 positive results."
*5 "mammalian Toxicity Testing, eye irritation 20.8 mild, skin 3.6
moderate irritation. Routes of human exposure to A-215 cites disposal,
landfill-leaching of sanitary landfills is a possible source for A-215
environmental entry. Routes of entry, A-215 can enter the enviroment
through plant effluents- there would be a delution in the stream or
receiving water of ~10= 100X, paper recycling, sanitary landfills.
We will be adding additional references.
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